The Pro Silva Ireland committee (without their Chairman!!), along with the forest owners, did a fantastic job organizing every detail of both the evening lecture and the forest open day.  You can read about it on the Pro Silva Website. The lecture by Prof. Jurij Diaci from Slovenia on the Friday night was well attended and the following day saw a big gathering of people at Cloragh Farm Forest in Wicklow.

The day also saw the launch of Pro Silva Ireland’s new Forest Policy Document, which I’d have loved to have been there for. (It’s on the website, so do take a read.  It’s really good.)

PRO Cathy Fitzgerald kindly visited me in hospital the next day to show me the photos, pass on the greetings and tell me about the two events. It was just great to hear all about it. Everyone I’ve spoken to since remarked that not just was there such a good attendance (70 to 80 people), but that at each forest stop everyone gathered in quietly to listen carefully to the invaluable discussions and to learn as much as possible from our two guest ‘experts’ about this dynamic new (new to Ireland that is!) approach to forest menagement.

Prof. Dr. Jurgen Huss from Germany and Prof. Dr. Jurij Diaci from Slovenia. - PSI guest 'experts' on the day.

Everyone I spoke to also told me of the great weather conditions (even though there was such a crowd, a megaphone wasn’t needed because there was not a breath of wind so everyone could hear) AND about the wonderful hospitality shown by our hosts, Geoffrey and Lucy Tottenham. I missed that too!!

There are great benefits from being part of a European federation of forests, as Pro Silva is. Not least, you get to meet the leading experts in close-to-nature/CCF forestry from all over Europe, and invite them over to help us to learn how to do it here.  Plus, we get invited over to see their forests. (Check out the PSI website for details of the trip to Hungary next month.  Still a few places available.)

There has been quite a lot of talk since about the Pro Silva day in Wicklow, and about Prof. Diaci’s lecture the evening before, and about the new Forest Policy Document that was launched on the day. It’s let me see that the interest in this exciting subject is growing, and when it comes to Irish forestry, many people really do seem to be adopting a change of view.

The Pro Silva group in discussion in the forest at Baronscourt, County Tyrone

The long awaited visit of Pro Silva Ireland (PSI) to Baronscourt Estate near Newtownstewart, County Tyrone was well worth the wait. In keeping with PSI tradition, two foreign experts were invited over to Ireland to join us on the day.  Brice De Turckheim, a forest owner and forester with many years of experience in close-to-nature management and one of the founding members of Pro Silva Europe , came from Alsace on France’s eastern border adjacent to Germany and Switzerland. Phil Morgan is an independent forest manager from Wales and works with Selectfor. He is an active member of Pro Silva Europe through the CCFG in the UK and he is forestry consultant at Baronscourt. Phil is a fluent French speaker and translated for Brice on the day. Between them Brice and Phil fielded our many questions with such clarity and the ease that comes with years of time spent in forests.

Sitka spruce regeneration moving in after severe wind throw 8 years ago.

Baronscourt has been the home of the Duke of Abercorn’s family since 1612. The Estate woodlands extend to approximately 1,450 hectares of which approximately 300 hectares are leased to the NI Forest Service and the remainder are managed in-hand by the Estate’s Head Forester, Jim Simpson. In 2001, following a trip with Pro Silva Ireland to Lower Saxony, it was decided to discontinue clear-felling the in-hand woodlands and instead transform to continuous-cover/close-to-nature. A quarter of these woodlands are now thinned each year and the stops included visits to woodlands that have been thinned twice with the intention of retaining tree cover in perpetuity. The presence of Japanese sika deer and Rhododendron ponticum provide significant management issues and lengthy discussions ensued on the day.

Brice De Turckheim arrived in the dark the night before.  He needed only a few minutes to observe his surroundings at the first stop before answering questions. His first observation was that ‘this is a wind-managed forest’. One of the main deciding factors of the Estate to change their management to ccf/close-to-nature was the incidence of windthrow in their even-aged conifer plantations.

Notice the size variation of the regeneration. You can imagine how much more stable this forest is becoming as its structure is allowed to develop.

While Baronscourt is predominantly made up of ‘sensible sitka’ at present, the owners are not attached to trying to keep the estate as pure sitka.  As broadleaves seed into the forest, they are favoured because they are so in the minority. But that will change over time. Ultimately it is quality of timber and forest health that will guide the forest management here.

This area, originally planted with Scots pine, was hit by Hurricane Debbie in 1964. Southern beech, birch, oak have seeded in.

The presence of deer is a big issue at Baronscourt, especially of course for the broadleaved species.  Some areas have been fenced to exclude the deer and here we see again the reality of what the presence of high deer numbers in a forest effects:

Lush regeneration of many species happily growing inside the deer exclusion fence while outside the fence is bare.

As at many of the forest trips organized by Pro Silva in Ireland, the subject of log sizes came up.  In ccf/close-to-nature management the aim is to only fell large trees, as they are worth more and of course the overall increment of the forest is higher. The Irish sawmills have adapted to suit what is offered for sale, so in Ireland what is offered is small dimension (by European standards) logs.  Estate Manager Robert Scott told us that they are lucky to have a mill nearby that operates a ban saw and can take large logs.

Brice gave a wonderful response to this subject.  He said that man has no control over nature but has control over technology.  (You simply can’t argue with that statement.) Therefore adapt the technology to both serve the forest and to harvest timber wisely.  Growers must create big trees and then the mills will sort out the technology needed to mill them. Foresters need to have vision for the future to grow big trees, he said.  If you harvest small trees you must harvest in larger groups and the larger the group the less diversity comes to the forest. So there is less disturbance to the forest if you just select the large trees and then the forest becomes more stable and less at risk of wind. There were many wonderful such offerings from Brice and Phil during the day as they shared their knowledge and experience with us.

From left: Estate Manager (and former Chairman of PSI) Robert Scott, Phil Morgan, Brice De Turckheim and Baronscourt Forest Manager Jim Simpson

I love that Pro Silva brings to Ireland foresters from countries where there is an unbroken forestry culture for hundreds of years. We are just beginning to grow a forest culture here and need to somehow develop this long term view.  We cannot do that on our own. We need the help of others who have the culture, the tradition and the knowledge.

We stopped at another forest area where the wind had felled a huge gap in 1998, leaving only a few large trees still standing.   I remembered fondly when PSI had it’s first forest trip to Baronscourt in 2001 when our guests had been Prof. Hans Jurgen Otto from Lower Saxony and Talis Kalnars, now deceased, from Wales.  At that time this site was bare of trees and the question from Robert Scott and Jim Simpson was ‘Do we plant?’  A resounding ‘No!’ had been the reply from our two foreign experts. ‘Just wait and see what comes in.’  I remember us all looking doubtfully at this huge area of bare, grassy ground.

The same area, 8 years later, is now thick with wind-firm self sown trees.

But here it is eight years later, teeming with bright young self-sown trees.

Brice and Phil spoke about the importance of keeping the remaining tall trees. They are the strong ones that withstood the storm winds.  Their presence will help with the stability of the entire forest into the future. You must manage for diversity and continue to be directed by the forest itself, he said.

On our way back to our cars, we stopped on a high place to recap on the day.  Looking out over the increasingly diverse and lush forest landscapes that is Baronscourt Estate we could see in the distance forests managed by the Forest Service. They had a sad, almost agricultural appearance with their tall crop of sitka offering up such enormous potential, and the tell tale bare ground of the clearfelling practice that will soon sweep them all away.

Meanwhile in the background, the 'same old same old' of even aged conifers carve up the landscapes with their hard lines as they wait to be felled completely.

We received a warm welcome and wonderful hospitality from the Duke and Duchess of Abercorn. I couldn’t really find the words to express to them the significance of the step they and their son Lord Hamilton, have made in this leap of faith eight years ago to try something that had not been tried here. They didn’t do it in a nervous, small way.  They saw the sense of it through the trips with Pro Silva and they took up the recommendations and applied them to the whole forest estate. It is wonderful to see, and we’re told we’re welcome back, so look out for future PSI visits there over the years.

I can’t finish this post without mention of the Pushkin Trust project that the Duchess has been working on since its launch in 1987. Trust endeavours to unite children, their parents and educators, north and south, in the common bond of creativity. Take a look on the link, – it is so inspiring.

The Pushkim House built entirely from timbers grown on the Estate

Venue: Brackloon Property, Cootehall, Co. Roscommon

Hosted by: Mickey Gabbett                 Forest Manager:  Paddy Purser

Dr. Josef Spoerk (Pro Silva Austria) – forester in charge of investment forest properties owned by the Knights of Malta in Austria which have been managed using close to nature techniques since the 1960’s. Professor Spoerk is an excellent teacher and practical forester who inspired many members of Pro Silva Ireland on their study tour in 2006 to the woods he manages in Austria. There is nothing quite like ‘hands on’ learning and the marking exercises planned for the day will provide just that. This will be Dr. Spoerk’s first visit to Ireland. A unique opportunity for you to really delve into what close-to-nature forest management might offer you.

Rik Pakenham (UK Continuous Cover Forestry Group) – Rik is a forester based in the Chilterns in England. He is a practitioner of Continuous Cover Forestry and manages many private forests on this basis. Mr Pakenham assisted Pro Silva Ireland during the 2005 Sligo Forest Trip and we are very lucky to have the benefit of his experience again.

Brackloon property was planted in 1991. The area is made up of pure Sitka spruce which received first thinning in 2005 and a broadleaf mixture, predominantly of oak and ash which is currently being thinned.   The day will involve practical sessions in the marking of transformation thinnings in both broadleaves and conifers with expert input from Prof. Spoerk and Rik Packenham. There will be a thinning operation in progress in the broadleaves and this will also be the subject of discussion. This promises to be a highly relevant and practical day, not to be missed.

How it Went:

Saturday turned out to be a really wet day so it was really encouraging to see around 40 people turn up for the workshop.  Some people left early, but most stayed for the whole workshop, sheltering under umbrellas and straining hard to hear every word that the workshop leaders were saying.

A wet day at Cootehall, Co. Roscommon

Paddy Purser, from Pro Silva Ireland, is the forest manager on the site where the workshop was held and he carefully talked us through the management plans for the forest, explaining the reasons for choosing his course of action and what the desired outcome will be. The site was ideal in that it included both conifer and broadleaf plantations.  Some areas had recently been thinned, some were marked for thinning and some were untouched.

Perhaps the most memorable part of the day (apart from the rain!) was the marking exercise at the last part of the workshop.  Everyone divided into three groups and were given blue tape for marking the future trees to keep, and yellow tape to mark the trees to be felled.  This provided the chance for much discussion and helped to focus people’s minds on what had been taught in the morning.